Information System and the Modern Organization

1] * What is an information system?
Collects, processs, stores, analyzes and disseminates information for a specific purpose.


* What is a computer-based information system?
        An information system that uses computertechnology to perform some or all of its intended tasks.


* What is an application program?
A computer program designed to support a specific task or business process.

Departmental Information System: The collection of application programs in a single department.



* Enterprise resource planning system: Correct lack of communication among the functional area ISs.

* Transaction processing system: Supports monitoring, collection, storage and processing of data from the organization's basic business transactions. 

* Electronic Commerce system: Enable organizations to conduct organizations, called business-to-business electronic commerce, and customers to conduct transactions with businesses, called business-to-consumer electronic commerce.


* Clerical workers: Support managers at all levels of the organization. Supported by Office Automations system.

* Lower-level managers: Handle day-to-day operations of the organization. Supported by Office Automation system.

* Middle managers: Make tactical decisions which deal with activities. Supported by Office Automation system & Business Intelligence system.

* Knowledge workers: Professional employees which are expert in a particular subject area. Supported by Office Automation system & Business Intelligence system & Expert system.

* Executives: Male decisions that deal with situations that can significantly change the manner in which business is done. Supported by Dashboards.




2] * Porters Competitive Forces model

1. The threat of entry of new competitors.

2. The bargaining power of suppliers.

3. The bargaining power of customers.

4. The threat of substiute products or services.

5. The rivalry among existing firms in the industry.







* Porter's Value Chain Model

1. Primary activities:

Inbound logistics
Operations
Outbound logistics
Marketing and sales
After-sale services


2. Support activities:

The firm's infrastructure
Human resource management
Product and technology development
Procurement




* To counter the five competitive forces, there are different strategies:

1. Cost leadership strategy.

2. Differentiation strategy.

3. Innovation strategy.

4. Operational effectiveness.

5. Customer orientation srategy.




3] * IT & the society & organization

. Reduce the number of middle managers.

. Change manager's job.

. Impact employees at work:

1. Effect's their health and safety.

2. Opportunities for disabled people.

. Life quality improvement:

1. Robot revolution.

2. Health care improvement.




4] * Managing Information Resources ..


. Information resources: A term that includes all the hardware, software, data and networks in an organization.

Resources management is done by information system department & End users. 


* Information system department: Responsible for corporate-level and shared resources.


* End users: Responsible for departmental resources.

End of Chapter ...